LL.B
Regular Courses

Paper I Islamic Jurisprudence 100 Marks

Course Contents:

1. • History of the growth of the Muslim legal system
   • Muslim Schools of Thought
2. Science of Law, Law and Classification of Laws
3. Sources of Law
   • The Qur’an and the Traditions
   • Ijma and Customs
4. Juristic Deduction
   • Qiy’as or Analogy
   • Istehsan or Juristic Equity
   • Istedlal
   • Ijtehad and Taqlid
5. Acts, Rights and Obligations
6. Legal Capacity
7. Ownership and Possession
8. Torts and Crimes
9. Punishments
10. Procedure and Evidence
11. Constitutional and Administrative Law
12. The Law regulating relations between Muslim and Non-Muslims

Books Recommended:

Paper III Constitution Law 100 Marks

Principles of British Constitution (50 Marks)
Marks Constitution of USA (50 Marks)

Course Contents:

A. Principles of British Constitution

B. Constitution of United States of America

Books Recommended:

Paper IV Law of Contract 100 Marks

Contract Act, 1872 (60 Marks)
The Sales of Goods Act, 1930 (20 Marks)
The Partnership Act, 1932 (20 Marks)

A. Contract Act 1872

1. Preliminary-General Principles of Contract
2. Formation of the Contract
3. Contracts, Voidable Contracts and Void Agreements
4. Communication, Acceptance and Revocation of Proposal
5. Free Consent
6. Consideration
7. Contingent Contracts
8. Performance of Contracts
9. Certain Relations Resembling those Created by Contracts
10. The Breach of Contract and the Consequences
11. Indemnity and Guarantee
12. Bailments
13. Agency

B. The Sales of Goods Act, 1930

1. General Principles
2. Formation of the Contract of Sale
3. Subject Matter of the Contract
4. Conditions and Warranties
5. Sale by Sample and Description
6. Auction Sale
7. Transfer of Property
8. Delivery and Payment of Price
9. Title
10. Performance of the Contract
11. Rights of Unpaid Seller
12. Breach of the Contract

C. The Partnership Act, 1932

Books Recommended:

Contract Act:

1. Chitti on Contract
2. Law of Contract by Cheshire, Fifoot and Furmston
3. Principles of the English Law of Contract by Sir William R. Anson
4. Introduction to the Law of Contract by Atiyah P.S.
5. Law of Contract by Treitel, G.H.
6. Casebook on the Law of Contract by Smith and Thomas
7. Contract Act by Shaukat Mahmood, Sh.
8. Contract Act by Agarwala

The Sales of Goods Act:

1. Sale of Goods by Chalmers
2. Sale of Goods Act by Manan, M.A.
3. Sale of Goods Act by Farrani M.

Partnership Act:

Paper V Law of Torts and Easements100 Marks

Law of Torts(80 Marks)
Easement Act of 1882(20 Marks)

Law of Torts :

1. Definition of Tort
2. Difference between
   • Tort and Crime
   • Tort and Breach of Contract
3. Essentials of Tort
4. Personal Disabilities
5. Discharge of Tort
6. Exceptions to Tort
7. Vicarious Liability
8. Remedies
9. Damages
10. Defamation – Essentials of Libel and Slander – Defences
11. Negligence and Contributory Negligence
12. Nuisance; Public Nuisance and Private Nuisance
13. Malicious Prosecution
14. Fraud and Misrepresentation
15. Assault, Battery, etc.
16. Wrongful Imprisonment

Books Recommended:

1. Windfield on ‘Torts’
2. Law of Torts by R.K. Kapoor
3. Law of Torts by A.M. Chaudhry
4. Law of Torts by Underhill
5. Easement Act of 1882 with commentary

Paper VI Criminal Law 100 Marks

General Principles of English Criminal Law (20 Marks)
Pakistan Penal Code (60 Marks)
Hadood Laws of Pakistan (20 Marks)

A. General Principles of Criminal Law :

1. Definition of Crime
2. Nature and History of Crime
3. Causes of Crime
4. Crime and Tort
5. Functions of Criminal Law
6. Criminal Liability
7. Actus Reus
8. Mens Rea
9. Intention
10. Knowledge
11. Motive
12. Principles of Participation
13. Negligence
14. Recklessness
15. Strict Liability
16. General Defences
17. Preliminary Offences
18. Sexual Offences
19. Assault
20. Battery
21. Hurt
22. Homicide
23. Offences against Property

B. Pakistan Penal Code

The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 omitting the following chapters:

1. Chapter VII (Offences relating to the Army, Navy and Air Force)
2. Chapter IX-A (Offences relating to Elections)
3. Chapter XII (Offences relating to Coins and Government Stamps)
4. Chapter XIII (Offences relating to Weights and Measures)
5. Chapter XIV (Offences affecting the Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency and Morals)
6. Chapter XVIII (Offences relating to Documents and to Trade or Property – marks)

C. Hadood Laws

As laid down in Hadood Ordinances

Books Recommended:

General Principles of Criminal Law:

1. Smith and Hogan on English Criminal Law
2. Cross and Jones on English Criminal Law

Pakistan Penal Code:

1. Pakistan Penal Code by M.H. Nizami
2. Pakistan Penal Code by Shaukhat Mahmood
3. Pakistan Penal Code by Sohail Anjum

Paper I Constitutional Law II 100 Marks

The Constitution of Islamic (40 Marks)
Republic of Pakistan, 1973 (80 Marks)

Course Contents:

A. Constitutional History of Pakistan

1. Salient Features of Government of India Act, 1935
2. Objectives Resolution
3. Report of the Basic Principles Committee
4. Salient Features of the 1956 Constitution
5. Salient Features of 1962 Constitution
6. The interim Constitution of 1972
7. The P.C.O. of 1981
8. The R.C.O. of 1985
9. The Eighth Amendment
10. Legal Frame Work Order

B. Cases

1. Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan vs. Federation of Pakistan, PLD 1955 Sindh 96
2. Reference by the Governor General, PLD 1955 FC 435
3. State vs. Dosso, PLD 1958 SC 533
4. Usif Patel vs. Crown, PLD 1955 FC 387
5. Begum Nusrat Bhutto vs. Chief of the Army Staff, PLD 1977 SC 657
6. Hakim Khan vs. Government of Pakistan, PLD 1992 SC 585
7. Nawaz Sharif vs. President of Pakistan, PLD 1993 SC 473
8. Benazir Bhutto vs. The President of Pakistan, PLD 1992 SC 492
9. Federation of Pakistan vs. Haji Saifullah Khan, PLD 1989 SC 166
10. Benazir Bhutto vs. President of Pakistan, PLD 1998 SC 388
11. Asma Jilani vs. Government of the Punjab, PLD 1972 SC 139

C. Pakistan Constitution 1973

Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan 1973 with up-to-date Amendments

Books Recommended:

Constitutional History of Pakistan:

1. Constitutional Development in Pakistan, G.W. Chaudhary
2. Constitution Making in Pakistan 1047-85, Dr Baz Muhammad
3. Allen Gledhill, Pakistan: The Development of its laws and Constitution

Pakistan Constitution 1973

1. Constitutional Law of Pakistan by S. Shabbar Raza Rizvi
2. Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan by M. Munir
3. Constitution of Pakistan by Emmanuel Zaffar
4. Constitution of Pakistan by Ahmar Fazeel
5. Constitutional, Law and Pakistan Legal System by Chief Justice ® Dr Nasim Hassan Shah
6. Studies in Constitution of Pakistan, 1973, by Dr Safdar Mehmood

Paper II Equity 100 Marks

Course Contents:

Books Recommended:

Paper III Mercantile Law 100 Marks

Course Contents:

A. Companies Ordinance, 1984

1. Company Law
2. Historical Background, Kinds of Companies
3. Difference between a Company and other Associations
4. Formation of Company
5. Promoters, Pre-contracts
6. Articles and Memorandum of Association, Prospectus
7. Membership
8. Capital, Shares, Stock, Mortgages
9. Management, Directors
10. Meetings, Resolutions
11. Audit and Accounts
12. Winding Up, Types
13. Consequences of Winding up and Dissolution

B. Negotiable Instruments:

(All provisions of the Section 1-60, 82-85-A and 122-131 of the Negotiable Instruments Act)

Books Recommended:

Paper IV Law of Transfer of Property 100 Marks

1. 1. The Transfer of Property Act (40 Marks)
2. The Registration Act, 1908 (20 Marks)
3. The Succession Act, 1925 (20 Marks)
4. Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (20 Marks)

Course Contents:

The detailed provisions of all the acts as indicated above.

Books Recommended:

1. Transfer of Property Act, by Shaukat Mahmood
2. Transfer of Property Act, by I.A. Kazi
3. Other Commentaries on Relevant Acts

Paper V Islamic Personal Law 100 Marks

Course Contents:

Books Recommended:

Paper VI Public International Law 100 Marks

Course Contents:

1. Nature, Origin and Basis of International Law
2. Material Sources of International Law
3. Relation between International Law and State Law
4. State in General
5. Recognition
6. State Territorial Sovereignty
7. State Jurisdiction
8. State Responsibility
9. Succession to Rights and Obligations
10. The State and the Individual
11. The State and the Economic Interest
12. Diplomatic Envoys, Counsels and other Representatives
13. The Law and Practice as to Treaties
14. The International Disputes
15. War, Armed Conflicts and other Hostilities
16. Neutrality
17. International Humanitarian Law
18. International Institutions

Books Recommended:

1. Principles of Public International Law by Ian Bownlie
2. International Law by Oppenheiun, Edited by H. Lauter Pacht
3. Introduction to International Law by J.G. Starke
4. Law of Nations by Brierly, J.L.
5. International Law by Schwazanbinger
6. Private International Law by Chaudhry A.M.
7. The Conflict of Law by R.H. Graveson
8. Private International Law by Cheshire and North
9. Conflict of Laws, by Dicey & Morris
10. Conflict of Laws by Moros, J.H.G
11. ‘International Humanitarian Law – a compilation of selected text’ by ICRC Pakistan

     

Paper VII Special & Local Laws 100 Marks

1. The Land Revenue Act (60 Marks)
2. The Tenancy Act (20 Marks)
3. Islamic Pre emption Law (20 Marks)

Course Contents:

All provisions given in the relevant Acts.

Books Recommended:

1. All good commentaries on the relevant Acts.

Paper I Law of Civil Procedure 100 Marks

Course Contents:

All provisions of the Civil Procedure Code and the Limitation Act.

Books Recommended:

1. Civil Procedure Code; Commentary by Aamer Raza A. Khan
2. Civil Procedure Code; Commentary by Nizami
3. Civil Procedure Code; Commentary by Shaukat Mahmood
4. Civil Procedure Code; Commentary by A.M. Chaudhry

Paper II Criminal Procedure
& Medical Jurisprudence (100 Marks)

Course Contents:

Books Recommended:

Paper III Law of Evidence &
Legal Ethics(100 Marks)

Course Contents:

Books Recommended:

1. Conveyancing (40 Marks)
2. Pleadings (40 Marks)
3. Law of Interpretation (20 Marks)

Course Contents:

1. Drafting by I.C. Desouza (Omitting Chapter I & II, Part-II) (Major petition to Courts)
2. Pleadings in India with Precedents by Sir C. Walsh and J.C. Weir
3. Dastaweznavisi by Penna Lal in Urdu, (Latest Edition) only the following forms are prescribed.
   • Receipts No. 1
   • Bonds No. 1-2-6-9
   • Agreement 1-5-6-10
   • Mukhtarnama 1-2-3
   • Bainama 1-4-20-23
   • Rahn Nama 1-2-3-5-6-7-9-13
   • Exchange 1-2-3
   • Hiba Nama 1-2-3
   • Talak Nama 1-2-3-4
   • Wills 1-2-4-5
   • Partnership Deed 1-3
   • Dedication 1-2-8
   • Settlement 1-2
   • Bonds 3
   • Adoption 1-4
   • Marriage 1-2-3
   • Arbitration 1-2-3
   • Notice1-3-5-8-12-13
   • Musawada 1-2-3-4
   • Promissory Note 1-2-3-4
   • Patta 1-6(b)

B. Law of Interpretation of Statutes

Section 6, 16, 21 and 26 of General Clauses Act and Course as contained in Law of Interpretation;
by Maxwell and Craze

Books Recommended:

1. Law of Pleading; Inayatullah
2. Conveyancing; Inayatullah, M.
3. Pleadings in India with Precedents; Sir Walsh & J.C. Weir
4. Dastaweznavisi by Penna Lal in Urdu (Latest Edition)
5. Drafting by I.C. Desouza (Omitting Chapters I & II Part-II) (Major petitions to Courts)
6. Law of Interpretation; Maxwell and Craze
7. Interpretation of Statutes; Chowdhry
8. Interpretation of Pakistan Statutes; Kazi Muhammad Ashraf
9. Interpretation of Statutes; Mazharuddin Ahmad
10. Interpretation of Statutes; S.M. Zafer

Note: Besides the above forms, students shall be expected to be familiar with drafting of Plaints,
Written Statements and Applications for Execution in Urdu Language.

Paper V Administrative Law 100 Marks

Course Contents:

Books Recommended:

Paper VI & VII Optional Papers 100 Marks

Candidates will be required to choose two out of the following six papers.

Optional Papers

A. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS (Annex-B):

Course Contents:

The course will consist of four components in relation to the laws relating to Patents,
Designs, Trade Marks and Copyrights.

Patents, Design, Trade Marks and Copyright Laws

INTRODUCTION TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS: A brief overview of the term ‘intellectual property’,
a comparison between its four branches and definitions thereof.

Parent Law

PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A PATENT: Concept of novelty, patentable inventions, procedure for
obtaining patent rights term and renewals.
EFFECTS OF OBTAINING PATENT RIGHTS: Privileges of acquiring patent rights such as assignments,
licensing and infringement proceedings; revocation of patents.

Design Law

PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A DESIGN REGISTRATION: Concept of novelty and originality,
procedure for obtaining design protection, term and renewals.
EFFECTS OF OBTAINING DESIGN RIGHTS: Privileges of acquiring design rights such as assignments,
licensing and infringement proceedings; cancellation of registered designs.

Trade Marks Law

PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING REGISTRATION OF A TRADE MARK: Procedure for obtaining
registration with reference to goods and services; distinctiveness of a trade mark and
prohibition as to registration; opposition and rectification proceedings; duration and renewal
of registration.
ENFORCEMENT OF TRADE MARK RIGHTS: Infringement proceedings; passing off action.
ASSIGNMENT, LICENISING AND REGISTERED USERS: Assignment of registered and
unregistered trademarks; standard terms and conditions of a license agreement; registration of
registered user; and right of registered user to file infringement proceedings.

Copyright Law

COPYRIGHT, OWNERSHIP OF COPYRIGHT AND RIGHTS OF THE OWNER: Works
in which copyright subsists; first owner of copyright, term of copyright.
REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF COPYRIGHT: Procedure of obtaining
copyright registration; registration of assignment; licenses by owners and compulsory license.
ENFORCEMENT OF COPYRIGHT: When copyright infringed; certain acts not infringement
of copyright; powers and functions of Copyright Board.
INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS TRIPS: Agreement, Paris Convention,
Patents Cooperation Treaty, Universal Convention on Copyrights, Berne convention, etc.

LEADING CASES; References

Parents

1. Patents for inventions, Fifth Edition by T.A. Blanco While
2. Terrell on the Law of Patents, Fifteenth Edition
3. Intellectual Property, Third Edition by W.R. Cornish
4. Patents law by P. Narayanan (Third Edition)

Designs

Russel Clarke on Copyrights and industrial Designs by Michael Fysh (Fifth Edition)

Trade Marks

1. Trade and Merchandize marks Act by Dr S. Venkateshwaran
2. Kerly on Trade Marks and Trade Names
3. Law of Trade Marks and Passing-off by P. Narayana

1. Copyright Law by P. Narayanan, published by Eastern Law House, Calcutta.
2. International Copyright by Stewart
3. Skone James and Copinger on Copyrights.

B. Environmental Law:

Course Contents

1. Copyright Law by P. Narayanan, published by Eastern Law House, Calcutta.
2. International Copyright by Stewart
3. Skone James and Copinger on Copyrights.

Introuction

1. Copyright Law by P. Narayanan, published by Eastern Law House, Calcutta.
2. International Copyright by Stewart
3. Skone James and Copinger on Copyrights.

International

1. Soft Law (e.g., Stockholm, Rio)
2. Multilateral agreements
   • Biodiversity (5 conventions)
   • Marine (e.g. LoS, MARPOL)
   • Desertification (CCD)
   • Climate (e.g. FCCC, Kytoto)
   • Air (e.g. Vienna, Montreal)
   • Waste (e.g. Basel)
   • Nuclear
   • Trade (e.g. WTO, TRIPS)
3. Dispute Resolution
4. INGOs
5. ISO 14000

Regional

1. Soft Law (e.g. Langkawi Declaration)
2. Agreements
   • ASEAN
   • Asian Regional Seas
   • Indus Basin Commission
   • Mekong River Commission
   • Marine Turtles
   • Aquaculture
   • Antiquities
3. Institutional infrastructure
   • ASEAN
   • SAARC Law
   • SACEP
   • UNEP/ESCAP

National

1. Constitutional
   • 1956, 1962, 1973
2. Statutory
3. Case Law/Common law
   • Federal
     1983 Ordinance
     PEPA 1997
     NEQS
     Sectoral
     • Provincial
   • Case Law/Common Law
   • Institutional Infrastructure
     • Federal
       PEPC
       EPA
       Judiciary
       • Provincial
         EPA
         Sustainable Development Funds
         Tribuna
     • Enforcement/Compliance
       • Market instruments
       • Practice
     • Techniques
       • EIA/IIE
       • Procedural/Practical

Conclusion

• Limitations
     Law Reforms

  C. BANKING LAW

  Course Contents

  1. Relevant provisions of the following Laws
  2. The State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956
  3. The Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962
  4. The Banking Tribunals Ordinance, 1984
  5. The Modarba Companies and Modarba (Floation and Control) Ordinance, 1980
  6. The Banks (Nationalization) Act, 1974 as amended.
  7. The Banking Companies (Recovery of Loans, Advances, Credits and Finances) Act, 1997

  D. LABOUR AND TAXATION LAWS

  1. Labour Laws
  2. The Workman Compensation Act, 1923
  3. The Factories Act, 1934
  4. The Industrial Relations Ordinance, 1969

  (The WP Standing orders have been replaced by the Factories Act 1934)

  E. CRIMINOLOGY

  (Details to be added later)

  F. MINOR ACTS

  1. The Stamp Act, 1899
  2. The Suit Valuation Act, 1887
  3. The Court Fees Act, 1870
  4. The Arbitration Act, 1940
  5. Urban Rent Restriction Ordinance, 1959